Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuvuza ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic lwemishini yobunjiniyela, ukuvuza uphawu olungaguquki kanye nokuvuza uphawu olunyakazayo. Ukuvuza esigxivini esingaguquki ikakhulukazi kuhlanganisa phansi isilinda kanye namalunga ejoyinti lepayipi ngalinye, njll., futhi ukuvuza esigxivini esinyakazayo ikakhulukazi kuhlanganisa induku yepiston yesilinda samafutha, iziqu zevalve yezindlela eziningi nezinye izingxenye. Ukuvuza kukawoyela kungabuye kuhlukaniswe ukuvuza kwangaphandle kanye nokuvuza kwangaphakathi. Ukuvuza kwangaphandle ikakhulukazi kubhekiselwa ekuvuzeni kukawoyela we-hydraulic ohlelweni ukuya endaweni. Ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kubhekisela kumehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezinengcindezi ephezulu nephansi.Ngenxa yezizathu ezifana nokuba khona kanye nokwehluleka kwezimpawu, uwoyela we-hydraulic ugeleza usuka ohlangothini lwengcindezi ephezulu ukuya ohlangothini oluphansi lokucindezela ngaphakathi kwesistimu.

Izizathu ezithinta ukuvuza:

1) Izici zokuklama:

(1) Ukukhethwa kwezigxivizo Ukuthembeka kwesimiso sokusebenza kwamanzi kuncike kakhulu ekuklanyweni kwezigxivizo zesistimu ye-hydraulic kanye nokukhethwa kwezimpawu, ngenxa yokukhetha okungenangqondo kwezakhiwo zokuvala ekwakhiweni nasekukhethweni kwezigxivizo ezingenawo amandla. ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso, uhlobo lokuhambisana, izimo zomthwalo, kanye nokucindezela kokugcina kwamafutha we-hydraulic kanye nezinto zokuvala uphawu akuzange kucatshangelwe ekuklanyeni. , isivinini sokusebenza, izinguquko kuzinga lokushisa elizungezile, njll. Konke lokhu ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile kubangela ukuvuza kwesistimu ye-hydraulic ngamazinga ahlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba indawo lapho kusetshenziswa khona umshini wokwakha iqukethe uthuli nokungcola, izigxivizo ezifanele zokuvikela uthuli kufanele zikhethwe ekwakhiweni. , ukuvimbela uthuli nokunye ukungcola ekungeneni ohlelweni ukulimaza uphawu futhi kungcolise uwoyela, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukuvuza.

(2) Ezinye izizathu zokuklama: Ukunemba kwejiyomethri kanye nokuqina kwendawo ehambayo akuhlanganisi ngokwanele ekwakhiweni, futhi amandla ezingxenye zokuxhuma awalinganiswa ekwakhiweni. Nuclear, njll, okuzodala ukuvuza ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemishini.

2) Izinto zokukhiqiza nokuhlanganisa

(1) Izinto zokwakha: Zonke izakhi zamanzi kanye nezingxenye zokuvala zinokubekezelela okuqinile kobukhulu, ukuphathwa kwendawo, ukuqedwa kwendawo kanye nokubekezelelana kwejometri, njll. Izimfuneko. Uma ukuchezuka kuphelelwe ukubekezelelana phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza, isibonelo: i-piston radius yesilinda, ukujula noma ububanzi be-groove yokuvala, ubukhulu bomgodi wokufaka indandatho yokuvala abubekezeleleki, noma iphumile. of round ngenxa yezinkinga zokucubungula, kukhona ama-burrs noma ama-depressions, i-chrome plating iyaxebuka, njll., uphawu luzokhubazeka, luklwetshwe, luchotshozwe noma ingahlanganisiwe, okuyenza ilahlekelwe umsebenzi wayo wokuvala.Ingxenye ngokwayo izoba namaphuzu okuvuza okuzalwa, futhi ukuvuza kuzokwenzeka ngemva kokuhlanganiswa noma ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.

(2) Izici zomhlangano: Ukusebenza okunonya kwezingxenye ze-hydraulic kufanele kugwenywe phakathi nomhlangano. Amandla amaningi azodala ukuguqulwa kwezingxenye, ikakhulukazi ukusebenzisa izinduku zethusi ukushaya i-cylinder block, i-flange yokufaka uphawu, njll; izingxenye kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa, futhi izingxenye kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela phakathi nokuhlanganiswa. Gcoba izingxenye emafutheni amancane we-hydraulic bese uzicindezela ngobumnene. Sebenzisa udizili lapho uhlanza, ikakhulukazi izingxenye zenjoloba ezifana nezindandatho zokuvala, izindandatho zothuli, nama-О-rings. Uma usebenzisa uphethiloli, zizoguga kalula futhi zilahlekelwe ukunwebeka kwazo kwasekuqaleni, ngaleyo ndlela zilahlekelwe umsebenzi wazo wokuvala. .

3) Ukungcoliswa kwamafutha kanye nokulimala kwezingxenye

(1) Ukungcoliswa kwegesi. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi yomoya, cishe u-10% womoya ungancibilika kuwoyela we-hydraulic. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu ye-hydraulic system, umoya omningi uzoncibilika emafutheni. Umoya noma igesi. Umoya wenza amabhamuza emafutheni. Uma ukucindezela kokusekelwa kwe-hydraulic kushintsha ngokushesha phakathi kokucindezela okuphezulu nokuphansi ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ama-bubbles azokhiqiza amazinga okushisa aphezulu ohlangothini lwe-high-pressure futhi aqhume ohlangothini oluphansi lokucindezela. Uma Uma kunemigodi kanye nomonakalo ebusweni bezingxenye zesistimu ye-hydraulic, uwoyela we-hydraulic uzogijimela phezulu kwezingxenye ngesivinini esikhulu ukusheshisa ukuguga kwendawo, okubangela ukuvuza.

(2) Ukungcoliswa kwezinhlayiyana Amasilinda we-Hydraulic ayizingxenye eziyinhloko zemishini ethile yobunjiniyela yamasistimu asebenza ngamanzi. Ngenxa yomsebenzi Ngesikhathi senqubo, induku ye-piston ivezwa futhi ithintana ngqo nemvelo. Nakuba umkhono womhlahlandlela ufakwe izindandatho zothuli nezimpawu, uthuli nokungcola kuzolethwa nakanjani ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic, ukusheshisa imihuzuko kanye nokulimala kwezimpawu, i-piston rod, njll. Ukugqoka, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukuvuza, futhi ukungcoliswa kwezinhlayiyana kungenye yezinto izici ezishesha kakhulu ezidala umonakalo ezingxenyeni ze-hydraulic.

(3) Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi Ngenxa yethonya lezinto ezifana nendawo yokusebenza enomswakama, amanzi angase angene ohlelweni olusebenza ngogesi, futhi amanzi azosabelana nowoyela we-hydraulic ukuze enze i-asidi Izinto kanye nodaka kunciphisa ukusebenza kokugcotshwa kukawoyela we-hydraulic futhi kusheshise ukuguga. yezingxenye. Amanzi angenza futhi ukuthi isiqu se-valve yokulawula sinamathele, okwenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa ivalvu yokulawula, ukunwaya uphawu, futhi kubangele ukuvuza.

(4) Ukulimala kwengxenye kubangelwa ukumelana kwamafutha. Yenziwe ngenjoloba nezinye izinto, ukuguga, ukuqhekeka, ukulimala, njll. ngenxa yokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kuzodala ukuvuza kwesistimu. Uma izingxenye zonakaliswe ukushayisana phakathi nomsebenzi, izakhi zokuvala zizoklwejwa, zibangele ukuvuza. Kumele ngenzeni? Izinyathelo Eziyinhloko Zokuvimbela Nokulawula Ukuvuza Izinto ezibangela ukuvuza kwesistimu ye-hydraulic yemishini yokwakha ziwumphumela wamathonya aphelele avela ezicini eziningi. Ngobuchwepheshe obukhona kanye nezinto zokwakha, kunzima ukuqeda ngokuyisisekelo ukuvuza kwesistimu ye-hydraulic.

Kuphela kusuka kumathonya angenhla Kusukela ezicini zokuvuza zesistimu ye-hydraulic, izinyathelo ezifanele kufanele zithathwe ukunciphisa ukuvuza kwesistimu ye-hydraulic ngangokunokwenzeka. Kuzixhumanisi zokuklama nokucubungula, izici ezibalulekile ezithinta ukuvuza kufanele zicatshangelwe ngokugcwele ekwakhiweni nasekucutshungulweni kwe-groove yokuvala.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhethwa kwezimpawu nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma Ukwehluleka ukucabangela ngokugcwele izici ezinethonya zokuvuza ekuqaleni kuzodala ukulahlekelwa okungenakulinganiswa ekukhiqizeni okuzayo. Khetha izindlela ezifanele zokuhlanganisa nezindlela zokulungisa futhi ufunde kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini. Isibonelo, zama ukusebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile ekuhlanganiseni izindandatho zokuvala, futhi Faka amafutha eringini yokuvala.

Mayelana nokulawulwa kokungcoliswa kukawoyela osebenza nge-hydraulic, kufanele siqale emthonjeni wokungcola, siqinise ukulawulwa kwemithombo yokungcola, sithathe izinyathelo zokuhlunga ezisebenzayo kanye nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kawoyela okuvamile. Ukuze unqamule ngokuphumelelayo izici zangaphandle (Amanzi, uthuli, izinhlayiya, njll.) Ukungcola kwe-cylinder ye-hydraulic, ezinye izinyathelo zokuzivikela zingangezwa. Ngamafuphi, ukuvimbela nokulawula ukuvuza kufanele kube okuphelele futhi ukucatshangelwa okuphelele kungafinyelelwa ukuze kuphumelele.