Li-valve tsa ho laola li-hydraulic li sebelisoa ho laola khatello, phallo le tataiso ea phallo ea oli ka har'a sisteme ea hydraulic e le hore motsu, lebelo le tataiso ea motsamao oa actuator e fihlelle litlhoko. Ho ea ka mesebetsi ea bona, li-valve tsa ho laola li-hydraulic li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse tharo: li-valve tsa tataiso, li-valve tsa khatello le li-valve tsa phallo.

Sephahla sa taolo ea tataiso

Directional valve ke valve e sebelisoang ho laola tsela ea phallo ea oli. E arotsoe ka valve ea tsela e le 'ngoe le valve e khutlisetsang morao ho latela mofuta.

Mefuta ea li-valve tsa taolo ea tataiso ke tse latelang:

(1) Belofo ea tsela e le 'ngoe (check valve)

Sephahla sa tsela e le 'ngoe ke valve e lebisang tataiso e laolang ho phalla ha oli ka tsela e le' ngoe 'me e sa lumelle ho phalla ka morao. E arotsoe ka mofuta oa li-valve tsa bolo le mofuta oa poppet valve ho latela sebopeho sa mantlha sa valve, joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 8-17.

Setšoantšo sa 8-18(b) se bontša valve ea ho hlahloba poppet. Boemo ba pele ba valve ke hore mokokotlo oa valve o hatelloa hanyenyane holim'a setulo sa valve tlas'a ketso ea selemo. Nakong ea ts'ebetso, ha khatello ea khatello ea oli ea inlet P e ntse e eketseha, e hlōla khatello ea selemo 'me e phahamisa mokokotlo oa valve, e leng se etsang hore valve e bulehe le ho hokahanya potoloho ea oli, e le hore oli e phalle ho tsoa ka har'a oli ebe e phalla ho tsoa. setsiba sa oli. Ho fapana le hoo, ha khatello ea oli sebakeng sa oli e phahame ho feta khatello ea oli sebakeng seo ho kenoang ho sona, khatello ea oli e hatella ntlha ea valve ka thata khahlanong le setulo sa valve, e thibela tsela ea oli. Mosebetsi oa selemo ke ho thusa oli ea backflow hydraulically tighten port valve ha valve e koetsoe ho matlafatsa tiiso.

(2) Belofo ea tataiso

Valve e khutlisetsang morao e sebelisoa ho fetola tsela ea phallo ea oli ho fetola tataiso ea motsamao oa mochini o sebetsang. E sebelisa mokokotlo oa valve ho tsamaisana le 'mele oa valve ho bula kapa ho koala potoloho ea oli e tsamaellanang, ka hona e fetola boemo ba ho sebetsa ba sistimi ea hydraulic. Ha mokokotlo oa li-valve le 'mele oa li-valve li le sebakeng se lekanyelitsoeng se bontšitsoeng ho Setšoantšo sa 8-19, likamore tse peli tsa hydraulic cylinder li thibetsoe ho tloha oli ea khatello 'me li boemong ba ho koala. Haeba matla a tsoang ho le letona ho ea ho le letšehali a sebelisoa mokokotlong oa valve ho e tsamaisa ka ho le letšehali, likou tsa oli P le A holim'a 'mele oa valve li kopantsoe,' me B le T li hokahane. Oli ea khatello e kena ka kamoreng e letšehali ea hydraulic cylinder ka P le A, 'me piston e fallela ka ho le letona; Oli e ka mokoting e khutlela tanka ea oli ka B le T.

Ho e-na le hoo, haeba matla a tsoang ho le letšehali ho ea ho le letona a sebelisoa mokokotlong oa valve ho e isa ka ho le letona, joale P le B li kopantsoe, A le T li kopantsoe, 'me piston e fallela ka ho le letšehali.

Ho ea ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho sisinyeha ha mokokotlo oa li-valve, valve e khutlisetsang morao e ka aroloa ka mefuta e 'meli: mofuta oa slide valve le mofuta oa rotary valve. Har'a tsona, mofuta oa slide valve reversing valve o sebelisoa haholo. Sephahla sa li-slide se arotsoe ho ea ka palo ea maemo a sebetsang a mokokotlo oa li-valve 'meleng oa li-valve le phallo ea oli e laoloang ke valve e khutlisetsang morao. Valve e khutlisetsang morao e na le-maemo a mabeli a litsela tse peli, tse peli-maemo a mararo-tsela, a mabeli-maemo a mane, a mabeli a litsela tse hlano le mefuta e meng. , bona Lethathamo 8-4 . Palo e fapaneng ea maemo le lipallo li bakoa ke ho kopana ho fapaneng ha li-grooves tse ka tlas'a 'mele oa valve le mahetleng a mokokotlo oa valve.

Ho latela mokhoa oa ho laola spool, li-valve tsa tataiso li kenyelletsa mefuta ea matsoho, ea motorized, ea motlakase, ea hydraulic le electro-hydraulic.

Khatello valve

Li-valve tsa khatello li sebelisoa ho laola khatello ea tsamaiso ea hydraulic, kapa ho sebelisa liphetoho khatellong ea tsamaiso ho laola ketso ea likarolo tse itseng tsa hydraulic. Ho latela litšebeliso tse fapaneng, li-valve tsa khatello li arotsoe ka li-valve tsa liphallelo, li-valve tse fokotsang khatello, li-valve tsa tatellano le li-relay tsa khatello.

(1) Belofo ea liphallelo

Sephahla se phallang se boloka khatello e sa khaotseng tsamaisong e laoloang kapa potoloho ka ho phalla ha sekepe sa valve, ka hona ho finyella mesebetsi ea khatello ea khatello, taolo ea khatello kapa khatello ea khatello. Ho ea ka molao-motheo oa eona oa sebopeho, e ka aroloa ka mefuta e 'meli: mofuta o tobileng le mofuta oa sefofane.

(2) Li-valve tsa ho Laola Khatello

Valve e fokotsang khatello e ka sebelisoa ho fokotsa le ho tsitsisa khatello, ho fokotsa khatello e phahameng ea oli e kenang ho khatello e tlase le e tsitsitseng ea oli.

Molao-motheo o sebetsang oa valve ea ho fokotsa khatello ke ho itšetleha ka oli ea khatello ho fokotsa khatello ka lekhalo (ho hanyetsa metsi), e le hore khatello ea ho tsoa e fokotsehe ho feta khatello ea ho kena, 'me khatello ea ho tsoa e bolokehe ka boleng bo itseng. Ha lekhalo le le lenyenyane, ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha khatello, le ho matlafala ha phello ea ho fokotsa khatello.

Melao-motheo ea sebopeho le matšoao a li-valve tse fokotsang khatello ea sefofane. Oli ea khatello e nang le khatello ea p1 e phalla ho tloha ka sekoting sa oli sa A sa valve. Ka mor'a hore ho fokotsehe ka lekhalo δ, khatello e theohela ho p2, ebe e phalla ho tsoa sebakeng sa oli B. Ha khatello ea oli ea p2 e le khōlō ho feta khatello ea ho fetola, valve ea poppet e phunyeletsoa e bulehile, 'me karolo ea khatello e le teng. Kamore ea oli e pheletsong e ka ho le letona ea valve e kholo ea li-slide e phallela ka tanka ea oli ka lesoba la poppet le lesoba la Y la lesoba la drain. Ka lebaka la phello ea lesoba le lenyenyane la damping R ka har'a mokokotlo o moholo oa li-valve tsa li-slide, khatello ea oli ka kamoreng ea oli ka lehlakoreng le letona la valve ea slide ea fokotseha, 'me mokokotlo oa valve o lahleheloa ke ho leka-lekana ebe o ea ka ho le letona. Ka hona, lekhalo δ lea fokotseha, phello ea decompression ea eketseha, 'me khatello ea ho tsoa p2 ea fokotseha. ho boleng bo lokisitsoeng. Boleng bona bo ka boela ba fetoloa ka screw e kaholimo ea khatello.

Belofo e fokotsang khatello e sebetsang ka kotloloho

(3) Li-valve tsa Taolo ea Phallo

Phallo ea valve e sebelisoa ho laola ho phalla ha metsi ka har'a tsamaiso ea hydraulic ho finyella taolo ea lebelo la tsamaiso ea hydraulic. Li-valve tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo li kenyelletsa li-valve tsa throttle le li-valve tse laolang lebelo.

Phallo ea valve ke karolo e laolang lebelo tsamaisong ea hydraulic. Molao-motheo oa eona oa ho laola lebelo o itšetlehile ka ho fetola boholo ba sebaka sa phallo ea koung ea valve kapa bolelele ba mocha oa phallo ho fetola khanyetso ea metsi, ho laola phallo ka valve, le ho lokisa actuator (cylinder kapa motor). ) sepheo sa lebelo la motsamao.

1) Belofo ea throttle

Libopeho tse sebelisoang hangata tsa li-valve tse tloaelehileng tsa throttle li joalo ka ha li bonts'itsoe setšoantšong, ho kenyelletsa mofuta oa nale, mofuta oa eccentric, mofuta oa axial triangular groove, jj.

Valve e tloaelehileng ea throttle e amohela axial triangular groove mofuta oa throttle opening. Nakong ea ts'ebetso, motsoako oa valve o hatelloa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, o na le botsitso bo botle ba ho phalla 'me ha ho bonolo ho thibeloa. Oli ea khatello e phalla ho tsoa ka sekoting sa oli p1, e kena ka sekoting a ka lesoba la b le groove ea throttling pheletsong e ka letsohong le letšehali la "valve core 1", ebe e phalla ho tsoa ho oli ea p2. Ha u fetola sekhahla sa phallo, potoloha khatello e laolang nut 3 ho tsamaisa molamu oa 2 ho latela tataiso ea axial. Ha molamu o sutumetsang o fallela ka ho le letšehali, mokokotlo oa valve o fallela ka ho le letona tlas'a ketso ea matla a selemo. Ka nako ena, orifice e bula ka bophara 'me sekhahla sa phallo sea eketseha. Ha oli e feta ka har'a valve ea throttle, ho tla ba le tahlehelo ea khatello △p = p1-p2, e tla fetoha le mojaro, e leng se bakang liphetoho ka lebelo la phallo ka sekepe sa throttle le ho ama lebelo la taolo. Li-valve tsa throttle li atisa ho sebelisoa mekhoeng ea hydraulic moo liphetoho tsa mojaro le mocheso li leng nyenyane kapa litlhoko tsa botsitso ba lebelo li tlaase.

2) valve e laolang lebelo

Valve e laolang lebelo e entsoe ka phapang e tsitsitseng e fokotsang khatello le valve ea throttle e kopantsoeng ka letoto. Phapang e tsitsitseng khatello ea ho fokotsa valve e ka boloka phapang ea khatello pele le ka mor'a hore valve ea throttle e sa fetohe, e le hore phapang ea khatello pele le ka mor'a hore valve ea throttle e se ke ea angoa ke mojaro, kahoo e fetisa valve ea throttle Sekhahla sa phallo ha e le hantle ke se tsitsitseng. boleng.

Khatello e fokotsang valve 1 le valve ea throttle 2 e kopantsoe ka letoto pakeng tsa pompo ea hydraulic le cylinder ea hydraulic. Oli ea khatello e tsoang pompong ea hydraulic (khatello ke pp), ka mor'a hore e fokotsehe ka lekhalo le bulehileng ka har'a khatello ea ho fokotsa valve groove a, e phallela ka har'a groove b, 'me khatello e theohela ho p1. Ebe, e phalla ka har'a silinda ea hydraulic ka valve ea throttle, 'me khatello e theohela ho p2. Tlas'a khatello ena, piston e fallela ka ho le letona khahlanong le mojaro F. Haeba mojaro o sa tsitsa, ha F e ntse e eketseha, p2 e tla boela e eketsehe, 'me mokokotlo oa valve oa ho fokotsa khatello o tla lahleheloa ke ho leka-lekana le ho fallela ka ho le letona, ho etsa hore ho bula lekhalo ho slot a ho eketseha, phello ea decompression e tla fokola, 'me p1 le eona e tla eketseha. Ka hona, phapang ea khatello Δp = pl-p2 e lula e sa fetohe, 'me sekhahla sa phallo se kenang ka hydraulic cylinder ka valve ea throttle le sona se lula se sa fetohe. Ho fapana le hoo, ha F e fokotseha, p2 le eona e ea fokotseha, 'me mokokotlo oa valve oa valve o fokotsang khatello o tla lahleheloa ke ho leka-lekana le ho fallela ka letsohong le letšehali, e le hore lekhalo la ho bula ha slot le fokotsehe, phello ea decompression e ea ntlafatsoa, ​​​​'me p1 e fokotsehe. , kahoo phapang ea khatello △p = p1-p2 e lula e sa fetohe, 'me sekhahla sa phallo se kenang ka hydraulic cylinder ka valve ea throttle le sona se lula se sa fetohe.