Kuisa zvinodiwa uye kungwarira kwe hydraulic mapaipi, hydraulic components uye anobatsira zvikamu mu hydraulic systems.
2023-10-26Kuiswa kweiyo hydraulic system, kusanganisira kuisirwa hydraulic mapaipi, hydraulic components, anobatsira zvikamu, nezvimwewo, ndeye kubatanidza zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana kana zvikamu zvehurongwa kuburikidza nemagetsi ekubatanidza (zita rejenji repombi dzemafuta uye majoini) kana hydraulic manifolds. kugadzira dunhu. Ichi chinyorwa chinogovera zvinodikanwa zvekuisa uye chenjedzo kune hydraulic mapaipi, ma hydraulic components, uye anobatsira zvinhu mu hydraulic systems.
Zvinoenderana nemhando yekubatanidza ye hydraulic control components, inogona kukamurwa kuva: integrated type (hydraulic station type); decentralized type. Mafomu ese ari maviri anofanirwa kubatanidzwa kuburikidza nemagetsi ekubatanidza.
1.Kuiswa kwe hydraulic components
Iyo yekuisa uye chaiyo zvinodiwa zveakasiyana hydraulic components. Hydraulic components inofanira kucheneswa neparafini panguva yekuisa. Yese ma hydraulic components anofanirwa kudzvanywa uye kuisa chisimbiso bvunzo dzekuita. Mushure mekupasa bvunzo, kuiswa kunogona kutanga. Yakasiyana-siyana otomatiki kudzora zviridzwa zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa kusati kwaiswa kudzivirira tsaona dzinokonzerwa nekusarurama.
Kuiswa kwe hydraulic components kunonyanya kureva kuiswa kwe hydraulic valves, hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic pumps uye zvikamu zvinobatsira.
2. Kuiswa uye zvinodiwa zve hydraulic valves
Usati waisa hydraulic components, iyo isina kurongedzerwa hydraulic components inofanira kutanga yatarisa chitupa chekuenderana uye kuongorora mirairo. Kana chiri chigadzirwa chakakodzera chine maitiro akakwana, uye hachisi chigadzirwa chakachengetwa mumhepo yakazaruka kwenguva yakareba uye chakasvibiswa mukati, hapana kumwe kuongorora kunodiwa uye hakukurudzirwi. Inogona kuparadzaniswa uye kuunganidzwa zvakananga mushure mekuchenesa.
Kana kukanganisa kukaitika panguva yekuedzwa kwekuedza, zvikamu zvinofanira kuparadzaniswa uye kubatanidzwa chete kana kutonga kwakarurama uye kwakakosha. Kunyanya kune zvigadzirwa zvekunze, kusarudzika disassembly uye gungano hazvibvumidzwe kudzivirira kukanganisa kurongeka kwechigadzirwa kana chabva mufekitori.
Teerera kune zvinotevera kana uchiisa hydraulic mavharuvhu:
1) Paunenge uchiisa, teerera kune chinzvimbo chemafuta inlet uye kudzoka chiteshi chega yega chikamu chevharuvhu.
2) Kana nzvimbo yekuisa isina kutaurwa, inofanirwa kuiswa munzvimbo yakanakira kushandiswa nekugadzirisa. Kazhinji, gwara rekudzora rinotungamira rinofanira kuiswa neaxis yakatwasuka. Paunenge uchiisa vheji yekudzokera shure, zviputi zvina zvinofanira kusimbiswa zvakafanana, kazhinji mumapoka e diagonals uye zvishoma nezvishoma zvakasimbiswa.
3) Kune mavharuvhu akaiswa neflanges, screws haigone kuve yakanyanyisa kusimbiswa. Kunyanya-kuomesa dzimwe nguva kunogona kukonzera kusavhara zvakanaka. Kana chisimbiso chepakutanga kana zvinhu zvisingakwanisi kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekuisa chisimbiso, fomu kana zvinhu zvechisimbiso zvinofanira kutsiviwa.
4) Kuti zvive nyore kugadzira uye kuisa, mamwe mavharuvhu anowanzo ane maburi maviri ane basa rimwechete, uye iyo isina kushandiswa inofanira kuvharwa mushure mekuiswa.
5) Mavharuvhu anoda kugadziridzwa anowanzo kutenderera newachi kuti awedzere kuyerera nekumanikidza; tenderedza uchipikisana newachi kuderedza kuyerera kana kudzvanywa.
6) Panguva yekuisa, kana mamwe mavharuvhu uye zvikamu zvekubatanidza zvisipo, zvinotenderwa kushandisa mavharuvhu e hydraulic ane kuyerera kunopfuura 40% yekuyerera kwavo kwakayerwa.
3. Kuiswa uye zvinodiwa zve hydraulic cylinder
Kuiswa kwe hydraulic cylinder kunofanirwa kuve kwakavimbika. Hakufanirwe kuve nekunonoka mukubatanidzwa kwepombi, uye iyo inokwira pamusoro pecylinder uye inotsvedza pamusoro pepiston inofanira kuchengetedza yakakwana parallelism uye perpendicularity.
Teerera kune zvinotevera paunenge uchiisa hydraulic cylinder:
1) Kune silinda inofambiswa ine chigadziko chetsoka, iyo yepakati axis inofanirwa kuve yakatarisana neaxis yekuremedza simba kudzivirira kukonzera lateral masimba, ayo anogona kukonzera chisimbiso kupfeka uye kukuvara kwepiston zviri nyore. Paunenge uchiisa hydraulic cylinder yechinhu chinofamba, chengetedza humburumbira ichienderana negwara rekufamba kwechinhu chinofamba pane chinotungamira njanji.
2) Isa sealing gland screw ye hydraulic cylinder block uye uisimbise kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti piston inofamba uye inoyangarara panguva yekurohwa kwakazara kudzivirira kufurira kwekuwedzera kwekupisa.
4. Kuiswa uye zvinodiwa zve hydraulic pump
Kana iyo hydraulic pombi yakarongwa pane imwe tangi, pane nzira mbiri dzekuisa: yakachinjika uye yakatwasuka. Kuisirwa kwakamira, pombi nemapombi zviri mukati metangi, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuunganidza kudonha kwemafuta uye kutaridzika kwakanaka. Kuiswa kwakatwasuka, mapaipi anoburitswa kunze, zvichiita kuti kuisirwa nekugadzirisa kuve nyore.
Mapombi eHydraulic kazhinji haatenderwe kutakura mitoro yeradial, saka mota dzemagetsi dzinowanzo shandiswa kutyaira zvakananga kuburikidza ne elastic couplings. Panguva yekuisa, zvinodikanwa kuti shafts yemota uye hydraulic pombi inofanirwa kuve yakakwira concentricity, kutsauka kwavo kunofanira kunge kuri pasi pe 0.1mm, uye kona yekurerekera haifanirwe kunge yakakura kupfuura 1 ° kudzivirira kuwedzera mutoro kune pombi shaft. uye kukonzera ruzha.
Kana bhandi kana giya kuendesa kuchidikanwa, iyo hydraulic pombi inofanirwa kubvumidzwa kubvisa radial uye axial mitoro. Hydraulic motors dzakafanana nemapombi. Mamwe ma motors anotenderwa kutakura imwe radial kana axial mutoro, asi haifanirwe kudarika iyo yakatsanangurwa inotenderwa kukosha. Mamwe mapombi anobvumira kureba kwepamusoro. Mamwe mapombi anoti nzvimbo yekusveta oiri inofanira kunge yakadzikira pane mwero weoiri, uye mamwe mapombi asina kuzvigadzirisa anoda imwe pombi yekuwedzera kuti ipe mafuta.
Teerera kune zvinotevera kana uchiisa hydraulic pombi:
1) Iyo inopinza, yekubuda uye yekutenderera kutungamira kwepombi ye hydraulic inofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvakanyorwa papombi, uye haifanirwe kubatanidzwa nekudzosera.
2) Paunenge uchiisa coupling, usarove pombi shaft zvakaoma kuti urege kukuvadza pombi rotor.
5. Kuiswa uye zvinodiwa zvezvikamu zvekubatsira
Mukuwedzera kune kushamwaridzana kwemvura, zvikamu zvekubatsira zve hydraulic system zvinosanganisirawo mafirita, accumulators, coolers uye heaters, zvisimbiso zvekuvhara, mageji ekumanikidza, kushandiswa kwemagetsi, nezvimwewo. panguva yekuisa, kana zvisina kudaro ivo vanozokanganisa zvakanyanya kushanda kwakajairika kweiyo hydraulic system.
Teerera kune zvinotevera kana uchiisa ebetsero zvikamu:
1) Kuiswa kunofanirwa kuitwa zvakanyatsoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira uye kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune hutsanana uye runako.
2) Shandisa parafini yekuchenesa uye kuongorora usati waiswa.
3) Paunenge uchisangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira, funga nyore kushandisa uye kugadzirisa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.
